Abstract Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are critical for defense against airborne pathogens and AM dysfunction is thought to contribute to the increased burden of pulmonary infections observed BLOOD SUGAR IMBALANCE in individuals living with HIV-1 (HIV).While HIV nucleic acids have been detected in AMs early in infection, circulating HIV during acute a
The occurrence of twinning has been documented for muskox in both wild and captive populations.Of two known captive twin births Lighting only one set survived beyond 120 days.In both cases the twins were male-female pairs and both females showed abnormal sexual development.Two sets of stillborn twins have also been recorded.All four stillborn fetus
Homeostatic signaling systems are ubiquitous forms of biological regulation, having been studied for hundreds of years in the context of diverse physiological processes including body temperature and osmotic balance.However, only recently has this concept been brought to the study of excitatory and inhibitory electrical activity that the nervous sy
This study determined the Tweeter Kit effect of larval density-dependent competition for food on development and adult fitness in Sesamia nonagriodes Lef.(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).Different numbers (5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 individuals) of larvae of the pink stalk borer were reared on a constant amount of food.Although crowding during the immature stage
Root rot, caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, is the most important disease of avocado, but few studies Brake Pulley Axle have determined whether other Phytophthora or oomycete species are involved in crop decline.Avocado orchards in the Canary Islands were surveyed for the presence of Phytophthora and Phytophthora-like oomycetes.Isolates obtained we